White collar crimes, named for the professional status of the perpetrators, are non-violent crimes committed for financial gain. These can include fraud, embezzlement, insider trading, cybercrime, and more. In Pakistan, various laws address these crimes, such as the Pakistan Penal Code, the
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Young offenders need a special kind of justice – one that prioritizes reform and rehabilitation over punishment. In Pakistan, the Juvenile Justice System Act, 2018, serves this purpose, providing a separate legal framework for juveniles. The law emphasizes several important principles such
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In today’s digital age, the misuse of technology is a grave concern. To combat this, Pakistan enacted the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) in 2016. It aims to prevent cybercrimes and provide a legal framework for investigation, prosecution, and trial of
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In the criminal justice system, the stakes are high. A person’s liberty, reputation, and even life can hang in the balance. Legal representation in criminal trials is crucial to ensure justice is served. Under the Pakistani legal system, derived from English Common
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Domestic violence is a pervasive issue in many societies around the globe, and Pakistan is no exception. The Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act, passed in various provinces of Pakistan, seeks to offer legal protections for victims of such violence. Under the
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The treatment of juvenile offenders is a sensitive issue worldwide. In Pakistan, the Juvenile Justice System Ordinance (JJSO) 2000, now replaced by the Juvenile Justice System Act (JJSA) 2018, guides this process. The JJSA aims to protect the rights of children involved
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Defamation, under Pakistani law, is a harm to one’s reputation by false statements. It can be a civil wrong (tort) or a criminal offense, depending on the nature and impact of the act. The Defamation Ordinance, 2002, covers civil defamation, providing for
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Pakistani criminal law incorporates principles of Islamic law, including ‘Qisas and Diyat.’ These concepts apply to offenses against the human body, such as murder and bodily harm. ‘Qisas’ refers to retributive justice – an ‘eye for an eye.’ The legal heirs of
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Corruption is a pervasive problem affecting countries worldwide, including Pakistan. Recognizing its adverse impacts, Pakistan has established a robust legal framework to combat corruption. The National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, is the central piece of anti-corruption legislation in Pakistan. It established the National
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Domestic violence, an unfortunately widespread issue in Pakistan, often finds its victims in the most vulnerable sections of society. Recognizing its devastating effects, Pakistani law has implemented measures to protect victims and punish perpetrators. The Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act is
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